The Putzger has been known to generations of users. This new edition is a cross between the standard historical atlas for the schools, the dtv-Atlas zur Weltgeschichte [dtv Atlas of World History], and the Fischer-Weltalmanach [Fischer World Almanach], in a much larger size. In outward appearance the large Putzger resembles the Westermann atlas Völker, Staaten und Kulturen [Peoples, States, Cultures] (Braunschweig, 1998; see IFB 99-1/4-400). As with the earlier Putzger, the maps are too small or run in an inconvenient way over two pages, but those carried over in this edition have been somewhat revised, with more than 170 new ones added. Any extra space on the pages is used to present much more text and photos than previously, offering welcome historical information.

The articles are very informative and readable, but unsigned. In order to ascertain authorship, the reader must consult the contributor index. In addition to the many photos, tables, and chronologies, there are also lists of rulers, short biographies, inserts on key terms, graphics, and statistics whose sources are listed in the bibliography. The very helpful and extensive “Staatenlexikon,” an alphabetical listing of all independent countries alphabetically with important statistical and historical data, also helps transform the former atlas into a more versatile reference book. This edition is less Eurocentric than its predecessor and is impressively current. It is recommended for all larger public and academic libraries. [wl/jpn]

Die archivalischen Quellen: mit einer Einführung in die Historischen Hilfswissenschaften [Archival Sources: with an Introduction to the Auxiliary Tools of History]. Ed. Friedrich Beck and Eckart Henning. 3d rev. ed. Köln; Weimar; Wien: Böhlau, 2003. xi, 404 p. ill. 25 cm. ISBN 3-412-05702-9: EUR 39.90 [03-1-249]

This concise dictionary explains 100 terms basic to understanding modern scholarship in history in relatively brief articles by 67 renowned authors. The terms that are included either characterize a given school of research connected to a methodological or theoretical approach (e.g. Annales), or describe historical or chronological models (e.g., interpretation, decadence, the past). This work clearly differentiates itself from other dictionaries, such as dtv’s Wörterbuch zur Geschichte by Fuchs and Raab (München, 1998) or Kröner-Verlag’s dictionary by the same name by Bayer and Wende (Stuttgart, 1995), which for the most part explain concrete concepts that one encounters when engaged with historical questions. Those who are interested in philosophical or theoretical questions in the field of history scholarship and wish to inform themselves about the current state of the discussion will find in this volume a good introduction, with recommendations for further reading at the end of every article. It also treats major concepts such as historical didactics, auxiliary tools of history, and social history. The volume, which will be of most interest to academic libraries, includes an extensive personal name and subject index, as well as some references to additional literature. [wl/tl]

Römische Archäologie in Deutschland: Geschichte, Denkmäler, Museen [Roman Archaeology in Germany: History, Monuments, Museums]. Tilmann Bechert. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2003. 447 p. ill. 16 cm. ISBN 3-15-010516-1: EUR 17.90 [03-1-251]

One has only to look at recent publications from the firms of Theiss and Zabern, especially exhibition catalogs, to trace the popularity of the topic “Romans in Germany.” While these types of works are often specialized, dealing with individual regions, collections, or types of objects, Reclam has now put out a comprehensive handbook compiled by an expert in the field.

The first section offers a history of research, the second discusses the Romans on the Rhine, Mosel, and Danube, and the third is an enumeration of monuments and archeological sites listed alphabetically by place, and including information on museums with collections related to the Romans in Germany. Each entry is short (half a page to two pages), with a brief description of the monuments and information about discovery of the site and research. Addresses, hours, and phone numbers are included for sites and museums. Appended to the maps section is a very up-to-date bibliography and an inadequate index of names that only includes those from Roman Antiquity. This handbook is intended primarily for those in the general public who have an interest in this subject matter. [sh/erh]

Les chevaliers de l’Ordre de la Toison d’Or au XVe siècle: notices bio-bibliographiques [The Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece in the Fifteenth Century: Biobibliographical Notes]. Ed. Raphaël de Smedt. Pref. Otto von Habsbourg. 2d totally rev. and enlarged ed. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2000. xxxvi, 270 p. 23 cm. (Kieler Werkstücke: Series D, Beiträge zur europäischen Geschichte des späten Mittelalters, 3). ISBN 3-631-36017-7: EUR 52 [03-1-252]

Founded by Philipp the Good in 1429, the Order of the Golden Fleece is one of the oldest and most respected European orders of knights. Th is bio-bibliography contains information concerning each of the 107 persons who were members of the Order during the 15th century. The information, compiled by a team of 42 scholars, is arranged chronologically according to the date when each member was admitted to the Order. Each entry contains the birth and death date of the individual, a biographical sketch that also explains why this person was admitted to the Order, and a bibliography of literature about the person. There is a comprehensive name index and a substantial introductory essay that outlines the history of the Order in the 15th century. [sh/ldl]

Diccionario enciclopédico de Madrid [Encyclopedic Dictionary of Madrid]. María Isabel Gea. Madrid: La Librería, 2002. 757 p. 25 cm. ISBN 84-9588-909-9: EUR 24

Enciclopedia de Madrid [Encyclopedia of Madrid]. Pedro Montoliú Camps. Barcelona: Planeta, 2002. 860 p. ill. maps, 23 cm. (Enciclopedias Planeta. Serie mayor). ISBN 84-0804-338-2: EUR 29

There is an abundance of publications devoted to the urban history of Madrid, covering the etymology of its street names as well as the language, customs, legends, architecture, monuments, and biographies of its people. María Isabel Gea and Pedro Montoliú Camps have created works of reference similar in content to those published in the mid- to late-19th century by Antonio de Capmany y de Montpalau, Ramón de Mesoneros Romanos, Ángel Fernández de los Ríos, Hilario Peñasco, and Carlos Cambronero—five eminent Madrid historians.

Gea’s Diccionario enciclopédico de Madrid is a non-scholarly reference work aimed at a general audience with an interest in urban history. In her 720-page alphabetical history and cultural study of Madrid, Gea provides 4,794 articles pertaining to the city’s most notable streets, neighborhoods, markets, peoples, customs, cafés, parks, cemeteries, buildings, monuments, bridges, fountains, legends, saints, holidays, festivals, music, newspapers, museums, and institutions. It also includes a 27-page bibliography that highlights the most important sources for the study of the Madrid’s urban evolution and cultural past.

It is difficult to determine Gea’s purpose, goals, criteria, and research strategies, as she omits a preface or foreword. As a result, her selection of peoples, locations, and themes is limited to what she considers significant and/or of traditional value to the city of Madrid, particularly to the historical city center, but this leaves the reader at a loss as to what exactly this signifies. Her work does not provide an index nor photographic reproductions or illustrations.

Gea’s writing style is clear and simple, and her descriptions are brief but informative. She often provides variants for names and locations whenever changes have occurred. A number of entries, such as the ones for cafés (coffee houses), cristos (Christ figures), and hospitales (hospitals), supply descriptive and often exhaustive lists of such items. The entry for alcaldes lists all the city’s mayors along with their dates in office. The one for cartografía (cartography) cites chronologically the most significant city maps drafted from the 16th to the 21st century.

Montoliú Camps’s Enciclopedia de Madrid is of the same nature and aims at the same audience as Gea’s work. It is divided into two sections—a thematic/geographic account of Madrid, and a dictionary comprising nearly 1,000 entries. These sections are not cross-referenced nor do they overlap in content; they exist as discrete units that complement each other to form a single work. The first part—describing Madrid, its history and culture in 18 themes (e.g., Madrid and its festivals, Madrid and its tertulias [literary groups])—serves as groundwork for the dictionary.

Unlike Gea’s dictionary, Montoliú Camps’s encyclopedia provides an onomastic index, neighborhood maps, and a number of illustrations in black-and-white. However like Gea, he does not include a preface or notes explaining his purpose, criteria, and the organization of his work. His 15-page bibliography is not as exhaustive as Gea’s but could act as its complement if both sources were to be used simultaneously.

Both authors are accomplished historians who have devoted their research and numerous publications to the city of Madrid. Montoliú Camps has been Madrid’s official chronicler since 1999, a position appointed by the general assembly of Madrid’s City Hall.

Based on their references and bibliographies, Montoliú Camps and Gea draw their information from numerous monographic classics in the field. Th ey extrapolate from the previously mentioned works of 19th-century Madrid historians, as well as from older classics. Literary works from the Golden Age by Góngora, Lope de Vega, Calderón de la Barca, for example, as well as 19th- and 20th-century intellectuals such as Azorín (along with other members of the generation of ’98) and Ramón Gómez de la Serna with his famous tertulias in the café Pombo, have also contributed to Madrid’s chronicles and are reflected in the works of Gea and Montoliú Camps.

Cartography is also essential to the study of the history of Madrid. Historians in the field often compare the maps of Antonio Marceli (1635), Pedro Texeira (1656), Nicolás Chalmandrier (1761), Antonio Espinosa de los Monteros (1769), Francisco Coello (1848), and Facundo Cañada López (1900). While Gea devotes a whole article to the cartography of Madrid, Montoliú Camps limits his coverage to an entry on Texeira.

The works of Montoliú Camps and Gea are not as focused as Juan Antonio Cabeza’s Diccionario de Madrid (1989), Federico Bravo Morata’s Los nombres de las calles de Madrid (1984), or 19th-century street guides. Montoliú Camps and Gea’s reference works describe and deconstruct Madrid using an etymological, historical, sociocultural, literary, architectural, and biographical perspective.

Readers interested in the historical development of Madrid may also want to consult Madrid: atlas histórico de la ciudad by Virgilio Pinto Crespo and Santos Madrazo Madrazo (Madrid, 1995–2001).

Two reference tools with a very specific scope, the Diccionario enciclopédico de Madrid and the Enciclopedia de Madrid should occupy a useful place in academic libraries, particularly ones that serve graduate programs in Spanish language and literature, urban studies, and Iberian history.

Das Mittelalter in Daten: Literatur, Kunst, Geschichte, 750–1520 [Th e Middle Ages in Dates: Literature, Art, History, 750–1520]. Ed. Joachim Heinzle. Rev. and expanded new ed. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2002. 408 p. 15 cm. (Universal-Bibliothek, 17040). ISBN 3-15-017040-0: EUR 9.60 [03-1-253]

This handy reference work originated in 1993 as a synoptic chronological overview of the period. Its purpose is to present the most important dates of art, literature, and historical events in the period from 750 to 1520, but its focus is on literature and German studies. The material has been updated to include the current state of research. Appended are extensive indexes and tables dating the literature of the period. In all, this is an extremely useful and affordable reference tool for medieval studies, useful for researchers and students, as well as general readers interested in the Middle Ages. There is no comparable reference work in this concise form. [wl/mjc]

Lexikon des Holocaust [Lexicon of the Holocaust]. Ed. Wolfgang Benz. München: Beck, 2002. 262 p. 19 cm. (Beck’she Reihe, 1477). ISBN 3-406-47617-1: EUR 12.90 [03-1-256]